Mubuzima, buri gihe turebe ahantu hatandukanye kuva kure hafi kugeza kure kugera kure, byoroshye kuba inshuti zisanzwe, ariko biratandukanye kubantu bafite amaso mabi, nikibazo gikomeye cyangwa giteye ubwoba.
Nigute ushobora gukemura iki kibazo? Nibyo, ni abafasha barangije ibirahuri, abantu banopic bafite ibirahure, barashobora kubona kure, bareba ibirahuri barashobora kubona hafi, ariko ikibazo kiza, mugihe cyo kureba ibirahure kugirango ubone, kandi kimwe hamwe nibirahuri byambaye kugirango ubone hafi. Nigute ushobora gukemura iki kibazo? Noneho hari igisubizo kuri iki kibazo kiteye ubwoba: Ibirahuri bitera imbere.
Nibyo ingingo yiyi ngingo - lens zigenda zitera imbere.
Lens nyinshi zigenda zitera, zizwi kandi ku majwi atera imbere, ufite amanota menshi yibanze kuri lens imwe nkuko izina risobanura. Niba lens igabanijwemo intumbero, lens irashobora kugabanywamo lens imwe yibanze, lens ebyiri yibanze, indimi nyinshi.
Inzu yacu ikunze kugaragara ni lenes imwe-yibandwaho, aho hari lumasity imwe gusa kuri lens;
· Ibisambo bya bifocal ni lens zipikoni, byakoreshwaga mu byabukuru benshi bageze mu zabukuru kugira ngo bakemure ikibazo cyo kubona kure na hafi icyarimwe. Ariko, kubera amakosa yayo akomeye no gukundwa cyane cyane - kwibandaho, lens zishaje zakuweho ahanini;
· Nkintambwe mu mateka y'iterambere rya Lens, lens nyinshi nazo zizaba n'icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cy'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ndetse n'iterambere.
Kubyara no mu mateka yiterambere ya lens zigenda zitera imbere:
Mu 1907, imvugo yabanje gushyiraho igitekerezo cya lens zigenda zitera imbere, zirazitira ivuka ryibitekerezo bishya.
Igishushanyo cyiyi lens idasanzwe cyahumetswe nuburyo bwigiti cyinzovu. Iyo kugabanuka k'ubuso bwimbere bwimisozi byiyongereye kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, imbaraga zitunganya zirashobora guhinduka kuburyo, ni ukuvuga, imbaraga zitunganya buhoro buhoro kandi ubudahwema kuva ahantu hejuru ya Lens kugeza ahantu hambere hasigaye hepfo ya lens igera kuri diopter numero ya diopter.
Hashingiwe ku gusama byabanjirije, kandi hifashishijwe ibyagezweho mu gishushanyo n'iterambere byatanzwe n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, mu 1951, umugabo w'umufaransa Metenez yateguye lens ya mbere yo gutera imbere, ishobora gukoreshwa mu kwambara ubusa. Nyuma yo kunonosorwa kwambere, byamenyeshejwe bwa mbere isoko ryigifaransa mu 1959. Igitekerezo cyacyo cyo gukosorwa ku isi cyagaragaye ku isi kandi byahise bimenyeshwa ku mugabane wa Afurika no muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru.
Hamwe no guteza imbere mudasobwa no gusaba software n'ibikoresho byateye imbere mu gishushanyo no guteza imbere ijisho, igishushanyo mbonera cy'iterambere cyageze ku iterambere ryinshi. Icyerekezo rusange ni: Uhereye kuri dose, bikomeye, guhuza na spricical na clorical def igishushanyo gitandukanye, cyoroshye, asimmetric na aspheric igishushanyo mbonera. Mugishushanyo cyambere cyindorerwamo itera imbere, abantu bafatwa cyane cyane imibare, imashini nibibazo. Hamwe no gusobanukirwa neza sisitemu yerekana, igishushanyo mbonera nikizaza kizagenda byibanda kumibanire iri hagati yindorerwamo ziterambere na phgonomusics, ergonomics, aesthephics.
Nyuma yo guhanga udushya twinshi, lens itera imbere yahindutse amahitamo ya mbere yo kwiyemeza kwikosorwa mu bihugu byateye imbere mu Bufaransa nk'Ubufaransa n'Ubudage, hamwe n'abantu benshi kandi benshi kandi benshi kandi benshi kandi benshi kandi benshi kandi benshi kandi benshi bambaye lens igenda itera imbere. Mu Buyapani na Amerika, imyenda igenda itera imbere ifite inzira igaragara buri mwaka. Mu karere ka Aziya-pasifika no mu Burayi bw'i Burasirazuba, hamwe n'amasomo yo kwigisha optometry afite amahugurwa ateye imbere akwiye mu rwego rw'ibanze ihuye n'imyanda iteye imbere mu iyerekwa.
Ninde utera imbere lens ikura ibereye?
1. Umugambi wambere wa lens nyinshi ni ugutanga inzira karemano, yoroshye kandi nziza kandi nziza kubarwayi ba Presbiliya. Kwambara lens igenda itera imbere ni nko gukoresha kamera ya videwo. Ihuriro ryibirahuri birashobora kubona kure, hafi ya intera iri kure cyane. Kubwibyo, dusobanura lens igenda ijya imbere nk "lens zoroge". Nyuma yo kubyara ibirahuri kimwe, bihwanye no gukoresha ibirahuri byinshi.
2. Ukoresheje ubushakashatsi ku "Gutezimbere Iterambere n'Ibitekerezo", lens za Multifocal igenda itera buhoro buhoro hakoreshejwe iterambere ryayopopiya mu rubyiruko.
Ibyiza byo gutera abantu benshi
1. Kugaragara kwa lens ni kimwe na monophope, kandi nta kugabana umurongo wampaye impamyabumenyi ushobora kugaragara. Ubwiza bw'intama burinda abafite uburenganzira bwo gukomeza imyaka ye, kandi akuraho impungenge z'uwambaye yo kwerekana ibanga rye mu kwambara bifucals.
2, impinduka zitanga impamyabumenyi ya lens intambwe ku yindi, ntabwo zizasimbuka ishusho. Byiza kwambara, byoroshye kumenyera.
3, Impamyabumenyi ya Lens iragenda, kuva kure y'iterambere ry'iyongera buhoro buhoro, ntabwo izatanga ihindagurika ryo guhindura amaso, ntabwo byoroshye gutera umunaniro.
4. ICYEMEZO CYO GUTANDUKANYA UBURENGANZIRA BYOSE MU BURYO BWO KUBONA. Ibirahuri birashobora gukoreshwa kure, hafi na intera hagati mugihe kimwe.
Ingamba zo gutera abantu benshi
1. Iyo ihuye nibirahuri, hitamo ikadiri nini.
Kuberako lens igomba kugabanywa kure, hagati, na hafi ya zone, gusa ikanzu nini irashobora kwemeza ahantu hanini bihagije kugirango ukoreshe. Nibyiza guhuza neza ikadiri yuzuye, kuko nini lens, igicucu cya lens, umwanya wuzuye harashobora gupfukirana umubyimba wa lens.
2 Muri rusange gukenera icyumweru cyo gukina no kurwanya imihindagurikireli, ariko uburebure bwigihe cyo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere biratandukanye ku muntu, kugenda buhoro iyo uhinda umushyitsi.
3. Kuberako impande zombi za lens ari agace ka ast
4. Iyo ugiye hasi, komeza ibirahure byawe hanyuma ugerageze kureba ahantu hegereye.
Igihe cya nyuma: Sep-27-2022